Framing-square.



A. L.l DRUCKEMILLER..

FRAMING SQUARE.. APPLICATION FlL ED OCT. I. I9I 6 Patentedept. l1, 191?,

FRAMING-SQUARE.

ratones.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 11, 191'?.

Application filed `Dctober 7, 1916. Serial No. 124,343.

To all whom it may concern: l A

Be it known that l, ALFRED L. DRUCKE- MILLER, a. citizen of the United States, and a resident of Great Falls, in the county of Cascade and State of Montana, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Framing-Squares, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in framy ing squares, and has for its object to pro vide a square of the character specified which may be used as a bevel, miter, or trisquare, and by means of which common rafters, jack rafter, and hip and valley rafters may be laid off correctly merely by varying the position of the parts, and wherein other mechanism is provided for laying off niitered cuts for polygons.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a side view of the improved square with parts in section;

dF ig. 2 is a similar view Yfrom the opposite s1 e' Y Fig. 3 is a side View with parts in different positions;

Figs. 4 and 6 are sections on the lines 4 4 and 6-6 respectively of Fig. l, each view looking in the direction of the arrows adj a cent to the lilies;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow adjacent to the line.

The present embodiment of the invention comprises a handle portion l of wood or the like, having in one side edge a longitudinally extending groove or recess 2, which is adapted to receive a straight blade3 of metal or the like, the said straight blade 3 being pivoted to the end of the handle by means of a screw bolt l which is provided with a wing nut 5 for tightening the blade with respect to the handle.

It will be understood that the handle is cut away at the opposite side from the passage at the end adjacent to the pivotal connection as indicated at 1L in order that the side walls of the passage may be tightened on the blade.

At about the center of the straight blade 3 a curved blade or protractor G is connected, the said curved blade or protractor having a dove-tail lug 7 at the connected end which is received in a similarly shaped opening in the blade 3, and a screw 8 is passed through the lug and the blade 3 to hold the parts together. The bottom of the groove or passage 2 is cut away as indicated at 9 at the plate 6 in order that the said blade may pass through the handle portion, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, when the blade 3 is swung with respect to the handle portion 1. rlhe blade 3 is provided with a scale 10 laid off in inches and fractions thereof, and the protractor blade 6 has a number of scales. On one face and at the center is arranged a scale 1l, the graduations of the scale being designated by the numerals 3 to 12 inclusive, and this scale is adapted to give the plumb cut on common rafters. The numerals 3 to 12 refer to the rise of the roof to the foot runs of rafters. A three inch rise to the foot represents one-eighth pitch, a ve inch rise ive-twenty-fourths pitch, while a twelve inch risc represents onehalf pitch.

lThe face of the blade is divided into three spaces by longitudinally extending curved lines, and the scale 11 is at the center of the blade. At the convex edge a scale 12 is provided for laying olf the base cut of conimon rafters, and on the concave edge a scale 13 is provided for laying off the bevel cut on jack rafters. Each of these scales has its graduations designated by the numerals 3 to 12 inclusive, and each space bears a legend indicating the purpose of the scale; as for instance, the central scale has a legend Plumb cut on common rafters, while the scales 12 and 13 have legends: Base out on common rafters and Bevel cut on jaclr rafters, respectively.

0n the opposite face the blade is also divided by curved lines into three spaces, and each .space bears a scale. The central scale le is for laying ofi' plumb cuts of valley and hip rafters. The scale 15 at the concave edge is for laying off the bevel cut on valley and hip rafters, while the scale 16 on the concave edge is for laying 0E the base cut of such rafters. The graduations of each scale are designated by the numerals 3 to 12 inclusive, and adjacent to each scale is a legend denoting the purpose of the scale.

0n the concave edge of the blade there is a scale indicated at 17 for indicating degree cuts or graduations to be spaced to provide two and one-half degree cuts. The convex edge has a scale indicated at 18 in Fig. 5 for laying' olf the mitered cuts for polygons having from six to twelve sides.

rllhe scales 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 are so spaced as to give the desired cut when the graduations on the protractor blade are brought into register'vvith the side edge of the handle portion, that is, with theedge adjacent to the blade 3.

The improved square is intended. to be used with the ordinary rafter chart, and in order to obtain the `plum-b base cut of corn-A mcn rafters with the instrument, the blade 3 is moved until the numeral 8 on the line plumb cuton common rafters registers With the right sideof thehandle in Fig. l. The .length of the rafter is determined by freferring to the 4rafter chart for common rafters. For instance, lin a buildin-g sixteen feet Wide, under the numeral 16 of the -chart and in line with the numeral 8 will be found on the chart the length of rafter for six,- teen feet, namely, nine feet, seven and a half inches. One end of the rafter is marked with a square line on `top `and Wit-'l1 the `pivotal connection el toward the end .of the rafter, Ythe line being marked along Vthe straight blade. The length of the rafter is then laid O, which may be .done by the blade l0, the said blade .being graduated v-in inches. The square is now reset -to the numeral S on the line indicating base `eut for common rafters and the bevel is laid .off at the other end. 'The scale 18l is a scale for laying 0E polygons ,of from lsix 'to twelve sides. For seven sides theregister is set on the graduation marked 7 and the ends of thestudding to be cut are laid olf along -the edge of the blade 3. The ends of the :pieces of studding are laid off in the same manner.,

Gomes-of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, .by .addressing Washington, D. C.

and when they are assembled thereuWill be a perfect heptagon. The blade 6 is merely an gitudinaflly .extending .greove or `;J.^eeess the betteln :of itl-1e .groove being eut away. one end, straight blade .pivoted .at the said end and adapted toclt Wit-hin the grec-veer passage, means for demping the .sideV walls of the gi-cove or passage .en .the blade at the said end to fix Athe :same with respect tothe handle, .a ,curved or protractor blade cannected with ithe straightblade at .appmxir mately .the center thereof andeXtendi-ng through the bottom gvvall, .said bottomyyvlall being ,cut away `to,pernf-iit -the .passage of the pret-racter blade, said pretrltorzblade being provided on its .opposite @face with `scales designating the plumb, beviel, .and base `cuts of valley and hip rafters, .the plumb and base cuts of common raftel, .and the beviel cut .ofjack raftersand onitsedges `vvitlildegree scales and scales for bevel cuts` for rolasOIl-S- Arran-D L. .DiaUcKEBHLLEa .the .Gommssioner .of .,latents, 

